Investigator(s)
| Submitter |
Jigme Dorji Central Regional Referral Hospital, National medical services, Ministry of Health. Jigme Dorji 
|
| Principal Investigator |
Jigme Dorji Central Regional Referral Hospital, National medical services, Ministry of Health. Jigme Dorji
|
Title(s) and abstract
| Scientific title | Level of depression, anxiety and stress among patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain in Bhutan: a cross-sectional study |
| Public title | Studying the level of three negative emotional state in long term muscle and joint pain. |
| Background | According to the World Health Organization (2022) and Global Burden of Disease (2019), it is estimated that about 1.7 billion people globally are suffering from musculoskeletal conditions. Globally, up to 70% of patients with depressive and anxiety disorders report experiencing chronic pain, indicating strong bidirectional relationship (de Heer et al., 2014). In medical terms, chronic musculoskeletal pain means pain which persists no less or more than 3 months. A mental and emotional condition affects around 450 million individuals worldwide (Manaf et al., 2021). According to longitudinal cohort study conducted in the Netherlands, the level of depression, anxiety and stress was found to be strongly associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain (de Heer et al., 2014). There is evidence of strong correlation between mental health and chronic musculoskeletal pain and in one of the epidemiological studies, patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain were found to have high levels of perceived depression and anxiety compared to patients without chronic musculoskeletal pain (Garnaes et al., 2022). About 90,229 cases of arthritis/arthrodesis and other musculoskeletal illnesses were reported in Bhutan in 2023, according to the nation's Annual Health Report. A literature study revealed that several research studies on chronic pain from non-communicable ailments and its correlation with psychological stress, anxiety, depression, and overall quality of life had been carried out in Bhutan (Tshomo & Chaimongkol, 2019). Still the research assessing the level of depression, anxiety and stress among chronic musculoskeletal pain population in Bhutanese setting has not been done. |
| Objectives | General Objective 1. To find out the level of depression, anxiety and stress among patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain in Bhutan. Specific Objective 1. To evaluate the association between chronic musculoskeletal pain with depression, anxiety and stress. 2. To assess the level of pain intensity and impact of chronic pain on activities. 3. To determine the socio-demographic status and prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among chronic musculoskeletal pain patients. |
| Study Methods | This is a cross-sectional study. The study population will be Bhutanese patient coming to physiotherapy outpatient department of Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Gelephu Central Regional Referral Hospital and Paro District Hospital. The data will be collected for a span of 4 month through a self-administered questionnaire. The sample size will be collected based on Cochran’s formula and data will be collected through non-probability convenience sampling method.The data shall be collected through self-administered questionnaire (annexure 1,2 & 3). There will be structured questionnaire prepared for collection of socio-demographic information and site of pain. Chronic pain graded scale (CPGS) will be used for assessing pain intensity and impact of pain on activities. Depression, Anxiety and Stress scale (DASS-21) will be used for measuring perceived three negative emotional state of depression, anxiety and stress. Data will be retrieved into a structured pro forma and will be entered into EpiData Entry and analysis will be done by IBM SPSS 25.0. Ethic approval and clearance will be sought from Research Ethics Board of Health, Ministry of Health, Institutional Review Board of Khesar Gyalpo University of Medical Science of Bhutan and from respective hospital administrations. |
| Expected outcomes and use of results | The level of depression, anxiety and stress and its association with chronic musculoskeletal pain will be described among Bhutanese population. The present study does not have specific benefits to the patient or community. However, the conclusion drawn from this study will provide a generic description on level of depression, anxiety and stress among Bhutanese population with chronic musculoskeletal pain. This study will also provide correlation between chronic musculoskeletal pain and mental health. The result of the study can be used as feedback for physiotherapy and other health professional on importance of psychosocial health in rehabilitation perspective and improve quality care of services. There is also scope for additional future research on this topic and compare with the existing result. |
| Keywords | depression, anxiety, stress, chronic musculoskeletal pain |
Research Details
| Student research | Yes |
| Institution: Bangladesh Health Professional Institute, CRP, Dhaka University | |
| Academic degree: Master | |
| Supervisor of the student(s) | |
| Full Name and title: SK. Moniruzzaman | |
| Email: ot-bhpi@crp-bangladesh.org | |
| Start Date | 02-Aug-2024 |
| End Date | 30-Sep-2024 |
| Key Implementing Institution | Self |
| Multi-country research | No |
| Nationwide research | Yes, with randomly selected geographical areas |
| Bhutan, Bhutan, Bhutan | |
| Research Domain(s) | Non-communicable diseases & Healthy Lifestyles |
| Research field(s) | Other (chronic musculoskeletal pain and mental health) |
| Involves human subjects | Yes |
| Population-Based Survey | |
| Data Collection | Primary data |
| Proposal reviewed by other Committee | Approved |